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Peace Education in Societies Involved in Intractable Conflicts: Direct and Indirect Models
Daniel Bar-Tal
and
Yigal Rosen*
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: roseny{at}bgu.ac.il.
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Abstract |
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The present article deals with the crucial question: Can peace education facilitate change in the sociopsychological infrastructure that feeds continued intractable conflict and then how the change can be carried? Intractable conflicts still rage in various parts of the globe, and they not only cause local misery and suffering but also threaten the well-being of the international community at large. The present article examines the nature of peace education in societies that were, or are still, involved in intractable conflict. It presents the political–societal and educational conditions for successful implementation of peace education and describes two models for peace education: direct and indirect peace education. Finally, the article offers a number of conclusions.
First published on February 25, 2009, doi:10.3102/0034654308330969
Review of Educational Research 2009;79:557.
A more recent version of this article appeared on June 1, 2009

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